新聞動態
王 品 （意昂体育 馬丁適用語言學研究中心）
Abstract: This paper investigates the functional grammar of the Manchu language with a principal focus on verbal groups, based on a folktale in Manchu Veritable Records. The verbal group is positioned as the final structural element of a Manchu clause, involved in creating experiential (event, tense, voice), interpersonal (mood, polarity) and logical (clause and verbal group complexing) functions. Some of the functions are performed at group rank by auxiliaries, some at word rank by suffixation on the event verb. The descriptive account also includes the verbal groups’ involvement in embedding. To facilitate descriptions, system networks are drawn up at various stages to capture the paradigmatic oppositions and interdependencies among different systems. Listed as one of the ‘critically endangered’ languages by UNESCO, the Manchu language has not yet been described, recorded or analyzed from the systemic functional perspective. Within the theoretical framework of systemic functional grammar, this paper attempts to account for one particular aspect of Manchu grammar, in a bid to expand the appliability of Systemic Functional Linguistics and make it contribute effectively to the description and preservation of endangered languages.
本文由分析《滿洲實錄》記載的一則民間故事入手，探討滿語的功能語法特征🥄，重點關註動詞詞組。滿語的動詞詞組位於小句的末位，負責體現經驗功能（事件🧑🏽⚖️、時態💋、語態）、人際功能（語氣🥲、極性）及邏輯功能（小句及動詞詞組復合）🟡。部分功能通過助動詞體現於詞組層級🧔🏻♂️，部分功能通過後綴體現於詞層級。本研究同時涉及動詞詞組的嵌入問題。滿語屬阿爾泰語系通古斯語族滿語支，曾經是滿族人的母語以及中國最後一個封建王朝——清朝的官方語言之一。如今大部分滿族人已不懂滿語，改用漢語↖️。滿語作為一種被聯合國教科文組織界定為“重度瀕危”的中國少數民族語言👋，至今尚未有系統功能語言學描述🙍🏻♀️、記錄和分析。本文嘗試以系統功能語法為理論基礎，對滿語語法的局部進行描寫和解釋🆔，以期擴大系統功能語言學的適用範圍，使系統功能語言學在瀕危語言描寫和保護方面發揮積極作用🧝🏽♀️。
Wang, P. (2018) Verbal groups in Manchu: a systemic functional account, WORD, 64:3, 157-176, DOI: 10.1080/00437956.2018.1490424
